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AI Fundamentals for Business
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Learn to leverage generative AI to drive innovation and streamline operations whatever the size of your business, with practical insights by an AI early-adopter.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the way we do business. It is the largest innovation in computer software since the start of the internet, and is how we will all eventually work. According to Harvard Business School, the expected impact is that for all office workers, up to 40% of the tasks currently performed will be augmented or replaced by AI. And according to McKinsey’s Committed Innovators report of 2023, innovative companies outperform their competitors by 35% by using technology to drive and support business growth.
AI is not a single product, but a collection of algorithms, data and applications – you might have heard of these referred to as “expert systems” or “machine learning”. Modern AI encompasses all these approaches, and will either be within your existing software, such as Microsoft Copilot – a chatbot developed by Microsoft and launched in 2023; or may be a standalone application, such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT, a free-to-use AI system launched in 2022.
It’s now easier than ever to combine these AI tools with everyday software such as Google Drive, Dropbox, email and your digital calendar. This is in addition to easier access and lower cost enabling a business to recreate how it can execute many day-to-day activities.
AI tools can be applied to a wide range of everyday productivity tasks.
Let’s try and solve the following challenge:
I need to plan a journey from Birmingham to Swindon. We will use my electric car (EV) which has a range of 100 miles and we want to stay overnight so that we can be at our meeting early the next day.
For a moment, let’s just think about how we would do this using Google Search:
- Plan the route. We would probably use Google Maps for this.
- Somewhere along the route we would figure out where to stop and maybe charge the car.
- We would then look for hotels near the end of the journey.
Let’s ask Google AI, which is called Gemini (previously Bard), to do this.
We do this using what is called “a prompt”. Think of a prompt as providing a clear well-structured instruction to an assistant.
Here is the prompt:
I want you to plan a journey from Birmingham to Swindon. I am using my Mercedes EQC EV which will have remaining charge of 100 miles when I depart, I want to arrive in Swindon by 7pm. Recommend where to stop en-route for a break and to charge the car. Suggest some well-reviewed (4 star+) accommodation near the end of the route for me to stay in. Use the M5.
Here are the results:
Sure, the distance between Birmingham and Swindon is 93 miles (150 km) along the M5. While your Mercedes EQC EV has a range of 100 miles, it’s always a good idea to be cautious when estimating range, especially on long trips. Here is a Tesla Supercharger you can stop at along the way to top up your battery: Tesla Supercharger Hungerford. This Tesla Supercharger in Hungerford has a 4.5 star rating on Google Maps. It is located just off the M5 at J14.
The drive from Birmingham to Swindon should take about 1 hour and 46 minutes, but don’t forget to factor in meal and break times when figuring out how long your trip will take in total. Also be sure to factor in charging time – how long it takes to charge your car will depend on the specific Tesla Supercharger you use and the current state of charge of your battery.
I also found some hotels near Swindon that have a user rating of at least 4 stars:
- The Saracen’s Head Hotel, Highworth: A traditional pub offering guestrooms with private facilities plus a restaurant, two bars and a garden. Price: £45 per night.
- Travelodge Swindon West: Unassuming rooms in a modest budget hotel offering a cafe/bar and complimentary parking. Price: £64 per night.
- The Crown Inn: Georgian-style coaching inn and pub, offering traditional fare and unpretentious rooms. Price: £55 per night.
- Stanton House Hotel: Low-key rooms in a country manor house with landscaped gardens, plus free Wi-Fi and breakfast. Price: £76 per night.
- Holiday Inn Express Swindon West, an IHG Hotel: Low-key budget hotel offering a restaurant and a bar, plus free hot breakfast, parking & Wi-Fi. Price: £73 per night.
You can see that the AI worked like a smart assistant, working out from my “prompt” what needed to be done.
There are a few things that you should understand. The AI is using data from a moment in the past for most of its information. Although it has accessed the internet for additional data, you will still want to check things, for example, that the hotel has accommodation available. You can however use the links provided to check and make a booking. In the future this may be automated for you by the AI.
When you use AI to generate additional information, you should always review for accuracy and check for any bias that may have occurred.
TRY THIS:
Why not have a go yourself? Find
an AI tool like ChatGPT or Gemini,
and then think about a similar
journey – maybe an upcoming
work trip. See what AI comes up
with!
One final note is data privacy. There is a concern that the information you enter could be used as data for future versions of the AI. You should ensure that you have reviewed and opted out of any data services that involve the software provider keeping or having access to any company proprietary data or personal data. Each company will have comprehensive data policies which you should review. In the UK, GDPR still applies, as does any other data legislation.
As you can see from the examples above, this technology is continuously improving and being embedded into commonly used tools. Behind the technology of everyday activities such as search and document production there will be increasingly capable and available AI-driven tools for you to use and drive innovation and productivity.
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Artificial intelligence should be regarded as part of a collection of tools for the modern business. In the same way that Office 365 or Google Workspace is a suite of products. At my company, unfold:ai, we are typically adding AI to both, along with other tools.
How to use AI to design a presentation
In this next part of my masterclass, we’re going to focus on a “generative AI” tool, or chatbot – which can take a series of prompts – to help design a presentation for a made-up office cleaning company. For the purposes of this exercise, I’ve come up with a company that uses all-natural cleaning products, has excellent customer service and can also provide general office environment improvements such as plants and fruit deliveries. They are visiting a potential client, Zwortle Partners Ltd.
We are going to use a prompt technique of providing the AI with the role, or personality, that we wish it to use. This will help to guide the AI on the style and type of response we would like. As part of the first prompt, we will also provide some general business guidance. Were this a real company you could include product and company information to help inform the AI.
In this example, we are going to use the generative AI tool from OpenAI called ChatGPT.
Prompt 1: Providing the outline
As an experienced salesperson, I want you to create the outline for a presentation for our company “BeGreen-BeGleam-BeClean”.
About our company: As a company we use all-natural cleaning products and the latest in cleaning tools, such as HEPA-compliant cleaning machines. We can enhance any working environment with the provision of plants, which we take care of, staff kitchen cleaning, and the provision of good quality organic supplies, such as coffee (fair trade) and daily fruits and office snacks. We also take away anything that’s not used and recycle it or distribute to the local food bank.
I want you to create an outline personalised presentation to “Zwortle Partners Ltd”, who are a firm of lawyers, explaining why we would be a great new supplier.
Here are some of the results. It created a 9-slide outline for a presentation.
This would already be a useful outline that we could copy and paste into PowerPoint to produce a draft presentation.
A better next step could be to provide some additional information to support the AI’s reasoning, for example, specific information about the benefits to staff productivity when they have a great place to work.
Prompt 2: Adding in some refinement
You could simply add to the initial prompt with a prompt like this:
That’s good, but can you work into the presentation that a clean healthy environment increases staff wellbeing, happiness and productivity. One of the key values of “Zwortle Partners” is “local sustainability” so mention that we use low food mile products whenever possible.
This provided a revision of the outline in our example, working some additional points into slide 3.
Now we are going to ask ChatGPT to write the copy for each slide. We will provide some new persona guidance on how we want the presentation to resonate with our client.
Prompt 3: Producing the content
I want you to use the above outline to write the content for each slide in detail.
Keep each slide succinct and engaging. Assume that the reader is a professional businessperson.
The tone should be warm, resonating, caring and demonstrate how our company would be a good match for the customer’s needs.
Write the presentation, not the presenter’s script.
We now have a good draft presentation which we could copy and paste into PowerPoint.
Once in PowerPoint, we can then apply a template and style guide.
We have successfully used AI to help generate the outline and the presentation, and quickly get to a personalised presentation.
If we had more company information, we could have supplied that to the AI as part of the prompts, generating better quality output. But hopefully you can see how quickly and easily AI can be adopted into everyday tasks in any business.
TRY THIS:
Now over to you!
- Ask the AI to read an existing presentation (or PDF) and suggest improvements that would make the content easier to follow or more engaging.
- Ask the AI to produce an outline for a team building event. Provide some information to the AI about the team, the team dynamics, and the particular team building traits you would like to work on.
- Ask the AI to convert the contents of your presentation to an engaging LinkedIn article or blog post for you.
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Whatever you’re using AI for, it’s good practice to record the prompts you use, and the results given, to build a knowledge base or playbook.
By doing this, it will allow you to reuse the prompts, which saves time, and share them with others, which can increase consistency. For example, if you create a prompt that responds to customer emails in a certain tone of voice, it would be a good approach for everyone in your team to use the same prompts – helping you make the most of this innovative technology and saving time so you can focus on other innovations, like product development.
Get started by creating a shared document, spreadsheet or PowerPoint deck for you and your team, where each page contains the following information:
- What the prompt does
- What systems it needs
- What data should be provided
- The prompt
- An example output
- Any guidance as to when/where it should be used, also importantly when it should not be used
- A rating out of 5 stars (i.e. how good do people think it is. They can provide improvement ideas too)
Building a better prompt for ChatGPT (or other Large Language Models – LLMs)
Artificial intelligence tools are sometimes concerned about how you write the prompt, its structure and syntax. However, there are more important reasons to have a better prompt syntax:
- Easier to transition from a conversational prompt to a GPT Bot instruction.
- Easier for you to remember what it does, which is key if you want to re-use the prompt.
- Easier structure for testing and extending its functionality.
Prompt structure
Here are some guidelines to improve your prompt writing. Start by separating the sections of the prompt into 4 distinct parts:
- Pre-positioning: define how you are expecting the prompt to perform and detail any “persona” you wish it to follow
- Actions: the activity that the prompt is to follow
- Format: any format information or response guidance for how the output should appear
- Data: any data or information specifically for the prompt to access or act upon (or uploaded data files)
Within that, when we construct a prompt we use different brackets [ ] to suggest areas where the prompt could be varied, by enclosing the example within them. This makes the prompt easier to understand at a glance, especially if you weren’t the person creating the prompt.
Here is an example for generating a to-do list:
Tip: to get to a new line in ChatGPT, without sending the command, press SHIFT Enter or SHIFT Return.
As an experienced executive assistant, you are going to organise my to-do list using the Eisenhower matrix method. [Urgent tasks have deadlines or target dates, Important includes working with other people, producing product or sales activity].
- Review the to-do list delimited by — to-do list —
- Organise the to-do list in accordance with the Eisenhower Matrix Method
- If it is possible for ChatGPT to help with any to-do list item suggest the appropriate ChatGPT prompt the user could use in a subsequent ChatGPT conversation
# Use the following format
The to-do item, follow this with a tick box
Priority: The Priority, Urgency: The Urgency
Estimate: The estimated time in minutes to do the task
Starter Prompt: an example prompt that ChatGPT could use to help with this task, denote user input required by {} include example within the {}
— to-do list —
[ paste your to-do list here ]
There are a few new techniques and tips introduced here.
- The use of “Steps” – we are using this to help to be clear to both ourselves and the AI that there are 3 specific actions we wish to have performed
- “Delimited by — to-do list —” – we are telling the AI that after this point in the prompt it is the data to be processed, it is not instructions. It also tells us, as users, where we should replace by pasting in our to-do list.
- “# Use the following format” and then specify the format. We are providing an example of how we would like the response to be formatted, a template of the response. The “#” symbol tells the AI that this is a new section of information, although still in the actions part of the prompt.
- We are asking ChatGPT to write future prompts which would be a starting point for completing those to-do items. These are often a good place to start, but probably as you become more skilful, you will instinctively improve them.
TRY THIS:
Here are two prompts, which you could take and improve as an exercise using the techniques above to improve structure, layout and re-use. For reference “bowtie risk management” is a system to assess risks and consequences.
Prompt 1
Using bowtie risk management, consider the top 3 risks that might occur in a warehouse that manually handles products that can weigh up to 15 kg each, there are also forklift trucks moving palleted goods.
Prompt 2
Do a web search on GDPR, what are the key points for UK businesses.
A final closing tip: if you install the app version of your chatbot (either Google, ChatGPT or Microsoft Copilot) it can also process images or photographs, so try taking a photograph of your to-do list (from your notebook) and ask for it to be transcribed, or even translated into another language.
Today is just the beginning of how AI can, and will be, used in modern businesses and everyday life. There is nothing to be afraid of- and the best time to start is now.
Thank you so much for joining this masterclass on making AI work for you. Best of luck on your journey integrating AI into your business.
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